Why do strange symbols appear in accents and the letter ñ?

Category: Design

When accents and ñ appear as strange symbols, it is a character encoding problem. The two most common encodings are iso-8859-15 and utf-8.

Common causes

  • File saved with the wrong encoding. If your text editor saves to iso-8859-15 but the site expects utf-8 (or the other way around), you’ll see the weird symbols. Most editors allow you to change the encoding when saving — try switching between them.
  • Database with different encoding. If your table is configured as iso-8859-1 but you are inserting data into utf-8 (or vice versa), special characters are corrupted. Make sure the connection, table, and column use the same encoding.
  • The encoding is missing to be declared in the HTML. The browser needs to know what encoding to expect. Add this tag in the <head> section:
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">

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